Laravel SaaS Multi-Tenancy

Multi-tenant SaaS applications require careful architecture. Laravel provides flexible patterns for tenant isolation through middleware, database switching, and subdomain routing. At ZIRA Software, we've built multi-tenant platforms serving thousands of organizations with complete data isolation.

Multi-Tenancy Approaches

1. Database per tenant:

• Complete isolation
• Easy backup/restore
• Higher costs
• Complex migrations

2. Shared database with tenant_id:

• Cost effective
• Simple migrations
• Requires careful queries
• Schema shared

3. Hybrid approach:

• Shared users table
• Tenant-specific databases
• Balance of both

Implementation

Tenant model:

class Tenant extends Model
{
    protected $fillable = ['name', 'subdomain', 'database'];
}

Middleware:

public function handle($request, Closure $next)
{
    $subdomain = explode('.', $request->getHost())[0];
    $tenant = Tenant::where('subdomain', $subdomain)->firstOrFail();
    
    config(['database.connections.tenant.database' => $tenant->database]);
    DB::purge('tenant');
    DB::setDefaultConnection('tenant');
    
    app()->instance('tenant', $tenant);
    
    return $next($request);
}

Global scope for shared database:

trait BelongsToTenant
{
    protected static function bootBelongsToTenant()
    {
        static::addGlobalScope(new TenantScope);
        
        static::creating(function ($model) {
            $model->tenant_id = app('tenant')->id;
        });
    }
}

class TenantScope implements Scope
{
    public function apply(Builder $builder, Model $model)
    {
        $builder->where('tenant_id', app('tenant')->id);
    }
}

Conclusion

Multi-tenancy enables scalable SaaS applications. Choose the right approach for your needs. At ZIRA Software, we've successfully deployed both patterns.

Building a multi-tenant SaaS application? Contact ZIRA Software for architecture consultation.